Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	13
Number of observations	6497
Missing cells	38
Missing cells (%)	< 0.1%
Duplicate rows	983
Duplicate rows (%)	15.1%
Total size in memory	660.0 KiB
Average record size in memory	104.0 B

Variable types

Categorical	1
Numeric	12

Alerts

Dataset has 983 (15.1%) duplicate rows	Duplicates
`residual sugar` is highly correlated with `density`	High correlation
`chlorides` is highly correlated with `type` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`free sulfur dioxide` is highly correlated with `total sulfur dioxide`	High correlation
`total sulfur dioxide` is highly correlated with `type` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`density` is highly correlated with `fixed acidity` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`alcohol` is highly correlated with `density`	High correlation
`type` is highly correlated with `fixed acidity` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`fixed acidity` is highly correlated with `type` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`volatile acidity` is highly correlated with `type` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`sulphates` is highly correlated with `chlorides`	High correlation
`citric acid` has 150 (2.3%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2023-02-01 02:35:31.813194
Analysis finished	2023-02-01 02:35:45.728485
Duration	13.92 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v3.3.0
Download configuration	config.json

type
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

white	4898
red	1599

Length

Max length	5
Median length	5
Mean length	4.507772818
Min length	3

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	29287
Distinct characters	7
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	white
2nd row	white
3rd row	white
4th row	white
5th row	white

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
white	4898	75.4%
red	1599	24.6%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Category Frequency Plot

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
white	4898	75.4%
red	1599	24.6%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	6497	22.2%
w	4898	16.7%
h	4898	16.7%
i	4898	16.7%
t	4898	16.7%
r	1599	5.5%
d	1599	5.5%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	29287	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	6497	22.2%
w	4898	16.7%
h	4898	16.7%
i	4898	16.7%
t	4898	16.7%
r	1599	5.5%
d	1599	5.5%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	29287	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	6497	22.2%
w	4898	16.7%
h	4898	16.7%
i	4898	16.7%
t	4898	16.7%
r	1599	5.5%
d	1599	5.5%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	29287	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	6497	22.2%
w	4898	16.7%
h	4898	16.7%
i	4898	16.7%
t	4898	16.7%
r	1599	5.5%
d	1599	5.5%

fixed acidity
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	106
Distinct (%)	1.6%
Missing	10
Missing (%)	0.2%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	7.216579312

Minimum	3.8
Maximum	15.9
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	3.8
5-th percentile	5.7
Q1	6.4
median	7
Q3	7.7
95-th percentile	9.8
Maximum	15.9
Range	12.1
Interquartile range (IQR)	1.3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.296749857
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1796903769
Kurtosis	5.057726963
Mean	7.216579312
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.6
Skewness	1.722804531
Sum	46813.95
Variance	1.68156019
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6.8	354	5.4%
6.6	326	5.0%
6.4	305	4.7%
7	282	4.3%
6.9	279	4.3%
7.2	273	4.2%
6.7	264	4.1%
7.1	257	4.0%
6.5	242	3.7%
7.4	238	3.7%
Other values (96)	3667	56.4%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.8	1	< 0.1%
3.9	1	< 0.1%
4.2	2	< 0.1%
4.4	3	< 0.1%
4.5	1	< 0.1%
4.6	2	< 0.1%
4.7	6	0.1%
4.8	9	0.1%
4.9	8	0.1%
5	30	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
15.9	1	< 0.1%
15.6	2	< 0.1%
15.5	2	< 0.1%
15	2	< 0.1%
14.3	1	< 0.1%
14.2	1	< 0.1%
14	1	< 0.1%
13.8	1	< 0.1%
13.7	2	< 0.1%
13.5	1	< 0.1%

volatile acidity
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	187
Distinct (%)	2.9%
Missing	8
Missing (%)	0.1%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.3396910156

Minimum	0.08
Maximum	1.58
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.08
5-th percentile	0.16
Q1	0.23
median	0.29
Q3	0.4
95-th percentile	0.67
Maximum	1.58
Range	1.5
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.17

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1646490286
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4847023357
Kurtosis	2.827081281
Mean	0.3396910156
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.08
Skewness	1.495511586
Sum	2204.255
Variance	0.02710930263
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.28	286	4.4%
0.24	265	4.1%
0.26	255	3.9%
0.25	238	3.7%
0.22	235	3.6%
0.27	232	3.6%
0.23	221	3.4%
0.2	217	3.3%
0.3	214	3.3%
0.32	205	3.2%
Other values (177)	4121	63.4%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.08	4	0.1%
0.085	1	< 0.1%
0.09	1	< 0.1%
0.1	6	0.1%
0.105	6	0.1%
0.11	13	0.2%
0.115	3	< 0.1%
0.12	37	0.6%
0.125	2	< 0.1%
0.13	44	0.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.58	1	< 0.1%
1.33	2	< 0.1%
1.24	1	< 0.1%
1.185	1	< 0.1%
1.18	1	< 0.1%
1.13	1	< 0.1%
1.115	1	< 0.1%
1.1	1	< 0.1%
1.09	1	< 0.1%
1.07	1	< 0.1%

citric acid
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	89
Distinct (%)	1.4%
Missing	3
Missing (%)	< 0.1%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.3187218971

Minimum	0
Maximum	1.66
Zeros	150
Zeros (%)	2.3%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0.05
Q1	0.25
median	0.31
Q3	0.39
95-th percentile	0.56
Maximum	1.66
Range	1.66
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.14

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1452648005
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4557728912
Kurtosis	2.401582075
Mean	0.3187218971
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.07
Skewness	0.4730324266
Sum	2069.78
Variance	0.02110186227
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.3	337	5.2%
0.28	301	4.6%
0.32	289	4.4%
0.49	283	4.4%
0.26	257	4.0%
0.34	249	3.8%
0.29	244	3.8%
0.27	236	3.6%
0.24	232	3.6%
0.31	229	3.5%
Other values (79)	3837	59.1%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	150	2.3%
0.01	40	0.6%
0.02	56	0.9%
0.03	32	0.5%
0.04	41	0.6%
0.05	25	0.4%
0.06	30	0.5%
0.07	33	0.5%
0.08	37	0.6%
0.09	42	0.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.66	1	< 0.1%
1.23	1	< 0.1%
1	6	0.1%
0.99	1	< 0.1%
0.91	2	< 0.1%
0.88	1	< 0.1%
0.86	1	< 0.1%
0.82	2	< 0.1%
0.81	2	< 0.1%
0.8	2	< 0.1%

residual sugar
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	316
Distinct (%)	4.9%
Missing	2
Missing (%)	< 0.1%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	5.444326405

Minimum	0.6
Maximum	65.8
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.6
5-th percentile	1.2
Q1	1.8
median	3
Q3	8.1
95-th percentile	15
Maximum	65.8
Range	65.2
Interquartile range (IQR)	6.3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	4.758124743
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8739602274
Kurtosis	4.358134414
Mean	5.444326405
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.7
Skewness	1.434999839
Sum	35360.9
Variance	22.63975107
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	235	3.6%
1.8	228	3.5%
1.6	223	3.4%
1.4	219	3.4%
1.2	195	3.0%
2.2	187	2.9%
2.1	179	2.8%
1.9	176	2.7%
1.7	175	2.7%
1.5	171	2.6%
Other values (306)	4507	69.4%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.6	2	< 0.1%
0.7	7	0.1%
0.8	25	0.4%
0.9	41	0.6%
0.95	4	0.1%
1	93	1.4%
1.05	1	< 0.1%
1.1	146	2.2%
1.15	3	< 0.1%
1.2	195	3.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
65.8	1	< 0.1%
31.6	2	< 0.1%
26.05	2	< 0.1%
23.5	1	< 0.1%
22.6	1	< 0.1%
22	2	< 0.1%
20.8	2	< 0.1%
20.7	2	< 0.1%
20.4	1	< 0.1%
20.3	1	< 0.1%

chlorides
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	214
Distinct (%)	3.3%
Missing	2
Missing (%)	< 0.1%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.05604157044

Minimum	0.009
Maximum	0.611
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.009
5-th percentile	0.028
Q1	0.038
median	0.047
Q3	0.065
95-th percentile	0.102
Maximum	0.611
Range	0.602
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.027

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.03503602523
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6251792188
Kurtosis	50.89487358
Mean	0.05604157044
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.011
Skewness	5.399848763
Sum	363.99
Variance	0.001227523064
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.044	206	3.2%
0.036	200	3.1%
0.042	187	2.9%
0.046	185	2.8%
0.05	182	2.8%
0.04	182	2.8%
0.048	182	2.8%
0.047	175	2.7%
0.045	174	2.7%
0.034	169	2.6%
Other values (204)	4653	71.6%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.009	1	< 0.1%
0.012	3	< 0.1%
0.013	1	< 0.1%
0.014	4	0.1%
0.015	4	0.1%
0.016	5	0.1%
0.017	5	0.1%
0.018	10	0.2%
0.019	9	0.1%
0.02	16	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.611	1	< 0.1%
0.61	1	< 0.1%
0.467	1	< 0.1%
0.464	1	< 0.1%
0.422	1	< 0.1%
0.415	3	< 0.1%
0.414	2	< 0.1%
0.413	1	< 0.1%
0.403	1	< 0.1%
0.401	1	< 0.1%

free sulfur dioxide
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	135
Distinct (%)	2.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	30.52531938

Minimum	1
Maximum	289
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	6
Q1	17
median	29
Q3	41
95-th percentile	61
Maximum	289
Range	288
Interquartile range (IQR)	24

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	17.74939977
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5814648342
Kurtosis	7.906238067
Mean	30.52531938
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	12
Skewness	1.220066074
Sum	198323
Variance	315.0411923
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
29	183	2.8%
6	170	2.6%
26	161	2.5%
15	157	2.4%
24	152	2.3%
31	152	2.3%
17	149	2.3%
34	146	2.2%
35	144	2.2%
23	142	2.2%
Other values (125)	4941	76.1%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	3	< 0.1%
2	2	< 0.1%
3	59	0.9%
4	52	0.8%
5	129	2.0%
5.5	1	< 0.1%
6	170	2.6%
7	96	1.5%
8	91	1.4%
9	91	1.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
289	1	< 0.1%
146.5	1	< 0.1%
138.5	1	< 0.1%
131	1	< 0.1%
128	1	< 0.1%
124	1	< 0.1%
122.5	1	< 0.1%
118.5	1	< 0.1%
112	1	< 0.1%
110	1	< 0.1%

total sulfur dioxide
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	276
Distinct (%)	4.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	115.7445744

Minimum	6
Maximum	440
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	6
5-th percentile	19
Q1	77
median	118
Q3	156
95-th percentile	206
Maximum	440
Range	434
Interquartile range (IQR)	79

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	56.52185452
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.488332648
Kurtosis	-0.3716636549
Mean	115.7445744
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	39
Skewness	-0.001177478234
Sum	751992.5
Variance	3194.720039
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
111	72	1.1%
113	65	1.0%
117	57	0.9%
122	57	0.9%
124	56	0.9%
128	56	0.9%
114	56	0.9%
98	56	0.9%
118	55	0.8%
119	54	0.8%
Other values (266)	5913	91.0%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6	3	< 0.1%
7	4	0.1%
8	14	0.2%
9	15	0.2%
10	28	0.4%
11	26	0.4%
12	29	0.4%
13	28	0.4%
14	33	0.5%
15	35	0.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
440	1	< 0.1%
366.5	1	< 0.1%
344	1	< 0.1%
313	1	< 0.1%
307.5	1	< 0.1%
303	1	< 0.1%
294	1	< 0.1%
289	1	< 0.1%
282	1	< 0.1%
278	1	< 0.1%

density
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	998
Distinct (%)	15.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.9946966338

Minimum	0.98711
Maximum	1.03898
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.98711
5-th percentile	0.9899
Q1	0.99234
median	0.99489
Q3	0.99699
95-th percentile	0.999392
Maximum	1.03898
Range	0.05187
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.00465

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.002998673004
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.003014660854
Kurtosis	6.606066991
Mean	0.9946966338
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.00231
Skewness	0.5036017301
Sum	6462.54403
Variance	8.992039783 × 10^-6
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.9972	69	1.1%
0.9976	69	1.1%
0.992	64	1.0%
0.998	64	1.0%
0.9928	63	1.0%
0.9986	61	0.9%
0.9966	59	0.9%
0.9962	59	0.9%
0.9956	55	0.8%
0.9968	55	0.8%
Other values (988)	5879	90.5%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.98711	1	< 0.1%
0.98713	1	< 0.1%
0.98722	1	< 0.1%
0.9874	1	< 0.1%
0.98742	2	< 0.1%
0.98746	2	< 0.1%
0.98758	1	< 0.1%
0.98774	1	< 0.1%
0.98779	1	< 0.1%
0.98794	2	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.03898	1	< 0.1%
1.0103	2	< 0.1%
1.00369	2	< 0.1%
1.0032	1	< 0.1%
1.00315	3	< 0.1%
1.00295	2	< 0.1%
1.00289	1	< 0.1%
1.0026	2	< 0.1%
1.00242	2	< 0.1%
1.00241	1	< 0.1%

pH
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	108
Distinct (%)	1.7%
Missing	9
Missing (%)	0.1%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	3.218395499

Minimum	2.72
Maximum	4.01
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2.72
5-th percentile	2.97
Q1	3.11
median	3.21
Q3	3.32
95-th percentile	3.5
Maximum	4.01
Range	1.29
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.21

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1607483066
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.04994672239
Kurtosis	0.370068107
Mean	3.218395499
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.11
Skewness	0.3869659326
Sum	20880.95
Variance	0.02584001806
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.16	200	3.1%
3.14	193	3.0%
3.22	185	2.8%
3.2	176	2.7%
3.15	170	2.6%
3.19	170	2.6%
3.18	168	2.6%
3.24	160	2.5%
3.12	154	2.4%
3.1	154	2.4%
Other values (98)	4758	73.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.72	1	< 0.1%
2.74	2	< 0.1%
2.77	1	< 0.1%
2.79	3	< 0.1%
2.8	3	< 0.1%
2.82	1	< 0.1%
2.83	4	0.1%
2.84	1	< 0.1%
2.85	9	0.1%
2.86	10	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4.01	2	< 0.1%
3.9	2	< 0.1%
3.85	1	< 0.1%
3.82	1	< 0.1%
3.81	1	< 0.1%
3.8	2	< 0.1%
3.79	1	< 0.1%
3.78	2	< 0.1%
3.77	2	< 0.1%
3.76	2	< 0.1%

sulphates
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	111
Distinct (%)	1.7%
Missing	4
Missing (%)	0.1%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.5312151548

Minimum	0.22
Maximum	2
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.22
5-th percentile	0.35
Q1	0.43
median	0.51
Q3	0.6
95-th percentile	0.79
Maximum	2
Range	1.78
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.17

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1488141213
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2801390735
Kurtosis	8.659892183
Mean	0.5312151548
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.08
Skewness	1.798467034
Sum	3449.18
Variance	0.0221456427
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.5	275	4.2%
0.46	243	3.7%
0.54	234	3.6%
0.44	232	3.6%
0.38	214	3.3%
0.48	208	3.2%
0.52	203	3.1%
0.49	197	3.0%
0.47	191	2.9%
0.45	190	2.9%
Other values (101)	4306	66.3%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.22	1	< 0.1%
0.23	1	< 0.1%
0.25	4	0.1%
0.26	4	0.1%
0.27	13	0.2%
0.28	13	0.2%
0.29	16	0.2%
0.3	31	0.5%
0.31	35	0.5%
0.32	54	0.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	1	< 0.1%
1.98	1	< 0.1%
1.95	2	< 0.1%
1.62	1	< 0.1%
1.61	1	< 0.1%
1.59	1	< 0.1%
1.56	1	< 0.1%
1.36	3	< 0.1%
1.34	1	< 0.1%
1.33	1	< 0.1%

alcohol
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	111
Distinct (%)	1.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	10.49180083

Minimum	8
Maximum	14.9
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	8
5-th percentile	9
Q1	9.5
median	10.3
Q3	11.3
95-th percentile	12.7
Maximum	14.9
Range	6.9
Interquartile range (IQR)	1.8

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.192711749
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1136803651
Kurtosis	-0.5316873829
Mean	10.49180083
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.9
Skewness	0.5657177291
Sum	68165.23
Variance	1.422561316
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9.5	367	5.6%
9.4	332	5.1%
9.2	271	4.2%
10	229	3.5%
10.5	227	3.5%
11	217	3.3%
9	215	3.3%
9.8	214	3.3%
10.4	194	3.0%
9.3	193	3.0%
Other values (101)	4038	62.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
8	2	< 0.1%
8.4	5	0.1%
8.5	10	0.2%
8.6	23	0.4%
8.7	80	1.2%
8.8	109	1.7%
8.9	95	1.5%
9	215	3.3%
9.05	1	< 0.1%
9.1	167	2.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
14.9	1	< 0.1%
14.2	1	< 0.1%
14.05	1	< 0.1%
14	12	0.2%
13.9	3	< 0.1%
13.8	2	< 0.1%
13.7	7	0.1%
13.6	13	0.2%
13.56666667	1	< 0.1%
13.55	1	< 0.1%

quality
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	7
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	5.818377713

Minimum	3
Maximum	9
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	50.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	3
5-th percentile	5
Q1	5
median	6
Q3	6
95-th percentile	7
Maximum	9
Range	6
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.8732552715
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1500856965
Kurtosis	0.2323222693
Mean	5.818377713
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	0.1896226934
Sum	37802
Variance	0.7625747693
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=7)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6	2836	43.7%
5	2138	32.9%
7	1079	16.6%
4	216	3.3%
8	193	3.0%
3	30	0.5%
9	5	0.1%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	30	0.5%
4	216	3.3%
5	2138	32.9%
6	2836	43.7%
7	1079	16.6%
8	193	3.0%
9	5	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9	5	0.1%
8	193	3.0%
7	1079	16.6%
6	2836	43.7%
5	2138	32.9%
4	216	3.3%
3	30	0.5%

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

The correlation heatmap measures nullity correlation: how strongly the presence or absence of one variable affects the presence of another.

The dendrogram allows you to more fully correlate variable completion, revealing trends deeper than the pairwise ones visible in the correlation heatmap.

First rows

	type	fixed acidity	volatile acidity	citric acid	residual sugar	chlorides	free sulfur dioxide	total sulfur dioxide	density	pH	sulphates	alcohol	quality
0	white	7.0	0.27	0.36	20.7	0.045	45.0	170.0	1.0010	3.00	0.45	8.8	6
1	white	6.3	0.30	0.34	1.6	0.049	14.0	132.0	0.9940	3.30	0.49	9.5	6
2	white	8.1	0.28	0.40	6.9	0.050	30.0	97.0	0.9951	3.26	0.44	10.1	6
3	white	7.2	0.23	0.32	8.5	0.058	47.0	186.0	0.9956	3.19	0.40	9.9	6
4	white	7.2	0.23	0.32	8.5	0.058	47.0	186.0	0.9956	3.19	0.40	9.9	6
5	white	8.1	0.28	0.40	6.9	0.050	30.0	97.0	0.9951	3.26	0.44	10.1	6
6	white	6.2	0.32	0.16	7.0	0.045	30.0	136.0	0.9949	3.18	0.47	9.6	6
7	white	7.0	0.27	0.36	20.7	0.045	45.0	170.0	1.0010	3.00	0.45	8.8	6
8	white	6.3	0.30	0.34	1.6	0.049	14.0	132.0	0.9940	3.30	0.49	9.5	6
9	white	8.1	0.22	0.43	1.5	0.044	28.0	129.0	0.9938	3.22	0.45	11.0	6

Last rows

	type	fixed acidity	volatile acidity	citric acid	residual sugar	chlorides	free sulfur dioxide	total sulfur dioxide	density	pH	sulphates	alcohol	quality
6487	red	6.6	0.725	0.20	7.8	0.073	29.0	79.0	0.99770	3.29	0.54	9.2	5
6488	red	6.3	0.550	0.15	1.8	0.077	26.0	35.0	0.99314	3.32	0.82	11.6	6
6489	red	5.4	0.740	0.09	1.7	0.089	16.0	26.0	0.99402	3.67	0.56	11.6	6
6490	red	6.3	0.510	0.13	2.3	0.076	29.0	40.0	0.99574	3.42	0.75	11.0	6
6491	red	6.8	0.620	0.08	1.9	0.068	28.0	38.0	0.99651	3.42	0.82	9.5	6
6492	red	6.2	0.600	0.08	2.0	0.090	32.0	44.0	0.99490	3.45	0.58	10.5	5
6493	red	5.9	0.550	0.10	2.2	0.062	39.0	51.0	0.99512	3.52	NaN	11.2	6
6494	red	6.3	0.510	0.13	2.3	0.076	29.0	40.0	0.99574	3.42	0.75	11.0	6
6495	red	5.9	0.645	0.12	2.0	0.075	32.0	44.0	0.99547	3.57	0.71	10.2	5
6496	red	6.0	0.310	0.47	3.6	0.067	18.0	42.0	0.99549	3.39	0.66	11.0	6

Most frequently occurring

	type	fixed acidity	volatile acidity	citric acid	residual sugar	chlorides	free sulfur dioxide	total sulfur dioxide	density	pH	sulphates	alcohol	quality	# duplicates
640	white	7.0	0.15	0.28	14.7	0.051	29.0	149.0	0.99792	2.96	0.39	9.0	7	8
772	white	7.3	0.19	0.27	13.9	0.057	45.0	155.0	0.99807	2.94	0.41	8.8	8	8
553	white	6.8	0.18	0.30	12.8	0.062	19.0	171.0	0.99808	3.00	0.52	9.0	7	7
803	white	7.4	0.16	0.30	13.7	0.056	33.0	168.0	0.99825	2.90	0.44	8.7	7	7
802	white	7.4	0.16	0.27	15.5	0.050	25.0	135.0	0.99840	2.90	0.43	8.7	7	6
806	white	7.4	0.19	0.30	12.8	0.053	48.5	229.0	0.99860	3.14	0.49	9.1	7	6
807	white	7.4	0.19	0.31	14.5	0.045	39.0	193.0	0.99860	3.10	0.50	9.2	6	6
854	white	7.6	0.20	0.30	14.2	0.056	53.0	212.5	0.99900	3.14	0.46	8.9	8	6
248	white	5.7	0.22	0.20	16.0	0.044	41.0	113.0	0.99862	3.22	0.46	8.9	6	5
330	white	6.2	0.23	0.36	17.2	0.039	37.0	130.0	0.99946	3.23	0.43	8.8	6	5

Overview

Variables

Common Values

Length

Category Frequency Plot

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Lowercase Letter

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Latin

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Interactions

Correlations

Spearman's ρ

Pearson's r

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows

Duplicate rows

Most frequently occurring